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[托福写作] 托福综合写作技巧整理

2014-6-28来源:作者:广州雅思英语学校

摘要:

  托福综合写作就是我们常说的小作文,很多同学都不太重视这个小作文的写作,他们觉得分数少,无关紧要。其实这个认识是错误的。
  如果托福综合写作的成绩很低,无疑会拉低托福考试的最后成绩。小作文一样重要,不可轻视,考生应该怎样做才能获得托福综合写作高分呢?托福综合写作高分的技巧有哪些呢?
  首先,summarize,也就是概括阅读和听力文章的主要内容和各三个分论点。
  这其实就是Introduction要写的内容,掌握了概括,第一段就不成问题咯!
  其次,Paraphrase,也就是改写。掌握好了改写句子,你写起文章来将会感觉到如鱼得水,游刃有余。启德教育名师提醒考生改写主要有下面的两种方法:
  第一,使用不同的句型
  a. 改变词序。这是非常简单的一种方法,完全不用动脑筋就可以进行改写。常常将句子中的状语(包括状语从句)换位置。
  Eg: For many years, people have believed ….
  →People believed… for many years.
  After this programs has been solved, work on … can continue.
  b. 主动语态和被动语态的互相替换Eg: Trained scientists performed this research.
  →This research was performed by trained scientists.
  c. 使用“there be” 句型,可以将一个简单句,马上变成一个加入定语从句或者分词的复杂句。Eg:Several computer programs can be used to solve this problem.
  →There are several computer programs that can be used to solve this problem.或Thereare several computer programs used to solve this problem.
  d. 定语从句,分词和插入语的互相替换
  Eg: Study…, conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that…
  →Study…, which was conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that…
  Eg: This…, which is one of the most powerful … in the world, has…
  →This…, one of the most powerful… in the world, has…
  接下来,Cite,即引用。综合写作乃客观写作,只是一个旁观者的角度对这两篇文章的内容进行描述,因此,某观点是出自哪篇文章一定要说清楚。所以,下面的这些句型在综合写作中必不可缺。
  a.According to+noun.
  Eg: According to the passage/lecture/author/professor,…
  b.Subject+verbs of reporting +that clause
  Eg: The authortells/reports/suggests/explains/says/argues/states/indicates/claims/pointsout/thinks/believes that…
  或The speaker agrees/disagrees/rejects/disputes/challenges/takes a different view….
  c. As is indicated/displayed/illustrated in the passage/lecture,...
  第二,使用不同的词汇
  a.使用同义词,比如以下的一些写作高频词汇的同义词,你一定要掌握,出现的尤为频繁。
  important→essential, crucial, vital, significant,
  think→claim, believe, consider, deem, figure out
  nowadays→currently, at present, now, recently, in recent years, these days
  b.改变词性,这是一种稍微难一些的方法,要求你的语法基础非常好,你才能灵活自如的运用。
  n. → v.
  Eg:When we look at a comparison between A and B…
  When we compare A and B…
  Adj. → n.
  There are a variety of solutions to the problem.
  There are various solutions to the problem.
  c. 使用不同的承接词。承接词在文章当中的使用相当频繁,不仅是段落和段落的连接,还包括句子和句子的连接。背住一些常用的承接词比你的改写将会有极大的作用。
  because of → due to, owing to, because, as, since, for
  but → however, nevertheless, nonetheless, whereas
  so → therefore, hence, thus, consequently
  d.形容词的逆向表达。在某些形容词上进行修改,会达到非比寻常的效果。
  Eg: not as easy as…→more difficult than…
  Not uncommon→common
  The cheapest → the least expensive

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